NPK dĂ©signe les trois principaux macronutriments prĂ©sents dans tout engrais ou solution nutritive : lâazote (N), le phosphore (P) et le potassium (K). Le rapport NPK imprimĂ© sur les bouteilles de nutriments (par exemple, 3-1-2) indique le pourcentage en poids de chaque Ă©lĂ©ment. Lâazote favorise la croissance vĂ©gĂ©tative des feuilles, le phosphore soutient le dĂ©veloppement des racines et la floraison, et le potassium rĂ©gule lâabsorption dâeau, la rĂ©sistance aux maladies et la vigueur gĂ©nĂ©rale des plantes.
Faits clés
- N (Nitrogen): essential for chlorophyll, proteins, and vegetative leaf growth
- P (Phosphorus): drives root development, flowering, and energy transfer (ATP)
- K (Potassium): regulates stomata, water uptake, enzyme activation, and disease resistance
- Ratio 3-1-2 is a common vegetative baseline; flowering stages often shift to lower N, higher P/K
- Deficiency symptoms are element-specific: yellow older leaves (N), purple tints (P), brown leaf edges (K)
- Hydroponic nutrient solutions must supply all three in precise ratios â soil buffers these naturally