اہم حقائق

• Primary pathogens: Pythium and Phytophthora water moulds, often pre-existing in water supplies
• Triggered by: insufficient dissolved oxygen, warm reservoir temperatures, and stagnant water
• Symptoms: brown/black slimy roots, wilting despite adequate water, yellowing leaves
• Prevention: maintain dissolved oxygen with air stones, keep reservoir below 20°C (68°F)
• Treatment: beneficial bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma) can suppress Pythium
• Hydrogen peroxide (3 mL of 3% per litre) can sterilise severely infected reservoirs