A nutrient solution is the water-based mixture of dissolved mineral salts that delivers all essential plant nutrients directly to roots in hydroponic systems. It replaces the mineral-supplying role of soil. A complete nutrient solution contains all six macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S) and all required micronutrients in plant-available ionic form, adjusted to the correct pH range so that each element remains soluble and absorbable.
Key Facts
- Must contain all 17 essential plant nutrients in bioavailable ionic form
- Target EC range varies by crop and growth stage: 0.8β3.5 mS/cm for most crops
- Optimal pH for most hydroponic crops: 5.5β6.5 (different elements absorb best at different sub-ranges)
- Temperature affects dissolved oxygen and nutrient uptake β keep at 18β22Β°C (65β72Β°F)
- Must be replaced or topped up regularly as plants absorb nutrients and water at different rates
- Recirculating systems require weekly EC and pH monitoring; top off with plain water not full solution